Electrical influence-machine.



PATENTBDIPEB. 17, 1903-. s. LEMSTRUM. ELECTRICAL INFLUENCE MACHINE.

APPLIOATIQKIILED OUT. 6, 1902.

FIG/3.

, 'INVENTOR WITNESSES:

By A zforneys,

THE NORRIS PETER! CO. FNO70 LlTHD., \VASVUN GTON D. C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SELIM LEMSTRGM, OF HELSINGFORS, RUSSIA.

ELECTRICAL INFLUENCE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 720,711, dated February 17, 1903. Application filed October 6, 1902. Serial No. 126,069 (No model.)

T at whom it puny concern.-

Be it known that I, SELIM LEMsTRoM, a subject of the Emperor of Russia, residing at Helsingfors, Finland, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Influence-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

In a previous patent, No. 634,467, dated October 10, 1899, I have described a kind of influence-machine in which the working surfaces consist of two glass drums, one lying within the other, so arranged that they may be rotated in opposite directions and in which the electricity is collected not only from the outer drum, but also from the inner drum.

My present invention provides improvements especially applicable to this type. of machine.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a machine embodying myinvention.

Figure 1 is afront elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the upper part of the machine, on alarger scale, omitting the dischargers and current-collectors and the Leyden jars, which form parts of the complete machine. Fig. 3 is a. plan of the machine, partly in section.

My present improvements are aimed especially toward increasing the efficiency of the machine by eliminating as far as possible all losses of current within the machine itself.

An important feature of improvement is in the supporting of the drums upon a pair of separate spindles which extend only through the ends of the drums, and are thus as far apart from each other as possible.

Another feature of improvement is in the carrying of the inner transverse conductingrod upon an insulating-frame carried by one of said spindles.

Other features of improvement are set forth in detail hereinafter.

Referring now to the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the base of the machine is shown at 1. The lower part of the apparatus, which rests directly on this base, con-' sists, as in the previously-patented machine, of a table 2, carried on side supports 3, in

which are the bearings of the driving-shaft 4. As in the former machine, there are three belt-pulleys on this shaft, of which the pulley 5 may be connected to the driving power,

and the pulleys 6 and 7 are for transmitting 1 the rotation of the shaft to the drums by means of the open belt Sand the crossed belt 9, which run over belt-pulleys 10 and 11, respectively. The latter pairof pulleys 10 and 11 are composed of wood or ebonite and are carried on ebonite shells or bushings 12 and 13, which are carried on two shafts 16 and 17 and which are arranged to rotate on these shafts. Each of the shafts 16 and 17 consists of two end portions of metalsucl1, for example, as steeland of intermediate portions 14 and 15, respectively, of ebonite. These insulating intermediate portions prevent the electrification of the ebonite pulleys by induction and the escape of electricityby way of the beltand the driving mechanism. The outer ends of the shafts are fixed in pillars 1S and 19 by'means of caps 20 and 21, held down by screws 22 and 23. These pillars preferably consist, as in my previous apparatus, of a reduced upper portion of ebonite and a larger lower portion of wood. The outer andinner drums 24 and 25 are ofglassprovided with thin strips 26 of tin-foil, on which are laid also thicker pieces of tin-foil. The drums are provided with apertured ebonite heads. The inner drum 25 is attached toabushing27,which is free to rotate about the shaft 16 and which is connected with the ebonite bushing 12 by means of a flange screwed to said bushing. The bushing 27 extends through the separable metal bearing 28, which is carried on the top of the pillar 29. This pillar may be constructed in the same way as the pillar 18, or it may have both its upper and its lower parts formed of wood. By means of this construction also the shaft 16 is given a long bearing upon the two pillars 18 and 29. The other end of the inner drum 25 is by means of a central bushing or hub 30 loosely supported on shaft 17. The outer drum 24 is similarly supported, its left end being provided with a central bushing 31, rotatable on the bushing 27, and its right end being attached to ametal bushing 32, which rotates about the shaft 17 and which also by means of a flange and screws is connected to the ebonite bushing 13. The bushing 32 passes through the separable bearing 33 on the pillar 33, as at the other side of the machine. Thus the shaft 17 is provided with a long bearing on the pillars 19 and 33. On the shafts 16 and 17 are also carried, as shown in Fig. 3, twoinner currentcollecting combs 36 and 37. The two outer current-collecting combs 38 and 39 are arranged opposite the combs 36 and 37, respectively, and are connected to the corresponding bearings 28 and 33. From these bearings the current is discharged through the vertical rods 34 and 35 with the usual swinging knobbed cross-bars at the top or is conducted to the inner coatings of the Leyden jars 4:0 and 41, the outer coatings of which are connected by means of a wire 42.

As appears from Figs. 2 and 3, the inner transverse conductor is of a special construction. An ebonite frame or bow 43 is carried on the spindle 17 and fastened thereto, and between the outer ends of this how extends a hollow ebonite chord 44:, through which a metal conducting-rod 45 passes. The conducting-rod carries at each end two metal cross-bars 46 and 47, upon which are carried brushes 48, (three in the case illustrated,) which rub against the surface of the inner drum as the latter is turned.

The outside conductor may be the same as that shown in my previous patentr-eferred to.

As appears from the foregoing description, an important difference between my new construction and the old lies in the fact that the main shaft on which the drums are carried is separated into two side shafts separated as far as possible from each other and preferably, also, in the construction of each of these shafts with an insulating intermediate portion. The form of the inner transverse conductor described and the carrying of the side shafts each in two bearing-pillars and also the ample insulation of the metal portions 28 and 33 of the bearings by means of the ebonite bushings 12 and 13 and the ebonite intermediate portions of the spindles 14 and 15 and the ebonite caps 20'and 21 of the outer pillars are important points of novelty. vantage of this construction lies in the fact that the transmission of electricity from one side shaft to the other and the resulting neutralization of the high-tension electric current which each shaft carries is much reduced as compared with the previous construction, and thus the losses within the machine are consideraloly reduced. It follows that the useful effect of the apparatus, and especially the length of spark attainable between the dischargers, is very much increased.

Though I have described with great particularity of detail an apparatus embodying the several improvements of my invention, yet it is to be understood that the invention is not limited .to the specific structure disclosed.

The ad- Various modifications in the details and in the arrangement and combination of the parts may be made by those skilled in the art without departure from the invention.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. In an electrical influence-machine the combination with a pair of drums, one arranged within the other, and means for rotating the same in opposite directions, of a pair of separate spindles supporting said drums at their opposite ends.

2. In an electrical influence-machine the combinationwith a pair of drums, one arranged Within the other, and means for rotating the same in opposite directions, of a pair of separate spindles supporting said drums at their opposite ends, and two pairs of insulating supporting-pillars, one pair for each of said spindles, so as to provide firm bearings therefor.

23. In an electrical influence-machine the combination with a pair of drums, one arranged within the other, and means for rotating the same in opposite directions, of a pair of separate spindles supporting said drums at their opposite ends, each of said spindles comprising metallic end portions, and an intermediate portion of insulating material.

4. In an electrical influence-machine, the combination with a pair of drums, one arranged within the other, and means for rotating the same in opposite directions, of a pair of separate spindles supporting said drums at their opposite ends, a transverse conducting-rod extending across within the inner drum brushes at opposite ends of said rod and an insulating-frame carrying said conducting-rod, and carried by one of said spindles.

5. In an electrical influence-machine, the combination with a pair of drums, one arranged within the other, and means for rotating the same in opposite directions, of a pair of separated spindles supporting said drums at their opposite ends,bearings for said spindles, and two pairs of combs, one comb of each pair being inside the inner drum, and one outside of the outer drum, the outside combs being connected each to one of said bearings, and the inside combs being connected each to the corresponding spindle.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SELIM LEMsTRoM.

Witnesses:

F. KOLSTER, KSUMINOM. 

